Although researchers have found that the microbiota changed during the lower respiratory tract (LRT) infection, little was known about the association between LRT microbiome and refractory

pneumonia (RMPP).

From June 28th, 2019 to March 23rd, 2020, we enrolled fifty-two children diagnosed with RMPP or non-refractory

pneumonia (NRMPP), and characterized the structure and function of microbiota in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) by metagenomic next generation sequencing (mNGS).

Based on Bray-Curtis distance between samples, samples in RMPP group were highly homogeneous, and Shannon index in the RMPP group was much lower than NRMPP group while Simpson index, which presents the degree of dominance, was higher in RMPP group. The dominant taxon with relative abundance greater than 50% was merely

among RMPP and NRMPP patients, but the proportions of other taxonomic distribution were different.

was the dominant species and occupied almost all niches in the vast majority of RMPP patients, wheMPP was much more homogeneous and simpler than that of the NRMPP group and with lower relative abundance of macrolide antibiotics resistance gene in M. pneumoniae genome. M. pneumoniae was absolutely dominant in the vast majority of RMPP patients. Prolonged hospitalization days was associated with relative abundance of M. pneumoniae in NRMPP patients while it was related with other pathogens’ relative abundance (e.g., Streptococcus pneumoniae) in RMPP patients.

The Brace Questionnaire (BrQ) is a tool developed to assess the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) who receiving bracing as the primary treatment. It was initially developed and validated in Greek. The current study aimed to culturally adapt and psychometrically validate the BrQ in contemporary Chinese used in mainland China.

Translation of the BrQ from the original Greek into Chinese was performed. This study involved 70 Chinese adolescents between 10 and 18 years of age with a diagnosis of AIS and a Cobb angle measuring between 20 and 40 degrees. All patients received the same kind of brace for more than 4 months. Statistical analyses included internal consistency and the floor and ceiling effects of the BrQ. Subsequently, convergent validity was evaluated by correlating the measures in the BrQ with those in the Scoliosis Research Society-22 Questionnaire (SRS-22).

There were no floor and ceiling effects observed with the Chinese version of BrQ. The intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) was 0.967. Internal consistency as measured by Cronbach’s alpha was 0.923. The global BrQ score correlated strongly with the SRS-22 total score (r=0.743, P<0.001). Pimasertib Most domain-level sub-scores from the BrQ correlated with the respective domain scores of SRS-22.

Cross-cultural translation and validation demonstrated excellent reliability, high internal consistency and satisfactory concurrent validity of the Chinese version of BrQ.

Cross-cultural translation and validation demonstrated excellent reliability, high internal consistency and satisfactory concurrent validity of the Chinese version of BrQ.

Understanding current hemodynamic monitoring (HM) practice patterns is essential to determine education and training strategies in China. The survey was to describe the practice of HM and management in children with septic shock in China.

We conducted an Email-based survey of members of sub-association of pediatric intensive care physicians. The questionnaire consisted of 22 questions and gathered the following information (I) general information on the hospitals, respective ICUs and participants, (II) the availability of technical equipment and parameters of HM and (III) management simulation of septic shock in three clinical case vignettes.

Surveys were received from 68 institutions (87.2%) and 368 questionnaires (response-rate 45.1%) were included. Basic HM (93-100%) were reported as the most utilized parameters, followed by advanced HM which included central venous pressure (CVP) (56.0%), cardiac output (53.5%), and central venous oxygen saturation (36.7%), 61.1% (225/368) of respondents stated the utilization of non-invasive HM equipment. The factors such as ICU specialist training center (P=0.003) and more than 30 cases of septic shock per year (P=0.002) were related to the utilization of non-invasive monitoring equipment. In the simulated case vignette, 49.7% (183/368) of respondents reported performing fluid responsiveness and volume status (FR-VS) assessment. Despite differences in training centers (P=0.005) and educational backgrounds (P=0.030), FR-VS assessment was not related to the volume expansion decision.

There is a large variability in use advanced HM parameters, an increasing awareness and acceptance of non-invasive HM devices and a potential need for hemodynamic education and training in pediatric intensive care medicine in China.

There is a large variability in use advanced HM parameters, an increasing awareness and acceptance of non-invasive HM devices and a potential need for hemodynamic education and training in pediatric intensive care medicine in China.

Glioma, also known as neuroglioma, is the most common primary tumors of the central nervous system. Many previous studies have reported associations between RAS gene polymorphisms and multiple tumors. However, the role of RAS gene polymorphisms on glioma risk has not been investigated.

We conducted a two-center case-control study to investigate whether the RAS gene polymorphisms predispose individuals to gliomas in 248 healthy controls and 191 glioma patients. RAS gene polymorphisms (rs12587 G>T, rs7973450 A>G, rs7312175 G>A in KRAS, rs2273267 A>T in NRAS) were genotyped by the TaqMan assay. The relationship between RAS gene functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and the risk of glioma was evaluated based on odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Individuals with KRAS rs7312175 GA genotype were more likely to develop glioma than those with GG genotype (adjusted OR =1.66, 95% CI 1.05-2.64, P=0.030). However, the other three SNPs could not affect glioma risk. In stratified analysis of age, gender, subtypes, and clinical stages, rs7312175 GA carriers were more likely to develop glioma in the following subgroups children less than 60 months, tumor derived from the astrocytic tumors, and clinical stages I.