Serum intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) levels are high or high normal in patients with parathyroid adenoma. Rarely these patients can have normal or low serum iPTH values. With sandwich immunometric assays, an exceptionally high serum iPTH level can lead to falsely low measurement due to the ‘hook effect’. Here, we describe the case of a 66-year-old female patient with PTH-independent hypercalcaemia which mimicked parathyroid adenoma. A multidisciplinary team approach helped in the diagnosis and management leading to complete recovery.Glucocorticoid excess is an under-recognised cause of cardiovascular adverse effects. The sources can be either endogenous (Cushing’s syndrome) or exogenous (Anabolic steroid abuse). Cardiovascular complications due to excess glucocorticoid includes hypertension, left ventricular hypertrophy, myocardial infarction, and heart failure. Although anabolic steroid-induced cardiomyopathy is a well-recognised phenomenon, endogenous corticosteroid-induced cardiomyopathy and heart failure are rarely reported sequelae of glucocorticoid excess in the body. We report a glucocorticoid-induced dilated cardiomyopathy in a 26-year-old African-American man with cushingoid features and symptomatic heart failure.Congenital aplasia of the epiglottis is a rare condition with variable presentation ranging from respiratory distress requiring surgical airway to an asymptomatic finding. Epiglottic aplasia is presumed to be caused by arrest of development of laryngeal structures and is most commonly associated with syndromic conditions, though isolated episodes of aplasia of the epiglottis do exist. In this report, we present a term infant with multiple congenital anomalies who was noted to have a hoarse cry prompting laryngoscopy. Phosphoramidon in vitro This showed complete absence of the epiglottis. Subsequent genetic testing showed mutations in the CPLANE1 gene that is associated with Joubert syndrome. Our patient was able to be discharged home on a thickened formula diet and is eating and gaining weight appropriately. Here, we present a review of the currently available literature of other cases of congenital epiglottic aplasia or hypoplasia discussing the presentation, management and outcomes in these cases.Primary iliopsoas abscess (IPA) in infants is an uncommon condition. It presents as inguinal or thigh swelling with limitation of movements on the affected side. Early detection and timely drainage of the abscess can prevent serious complications related to the dissemination of infection. We report a case of primary IPA due to methicillin-sensitive staphylococcal infection presenting as a left lumbar mass in an immune-competent infant. The abscess was detected in time, drained surgically and treated with cloxacillin for 4 weeks, thereby preventing serious complications.A 45-year-old woman was referred from Department of Dermatology to Surgery outpatient department with pruritus since 6 months and an episode of jaundice that lasted for 15 days about 6 months ago. She was referred with a contrast-enhanced MRI finding that showed a small lesion in the lower end of common bile duct. Endoscopy-guided biopsy was performed twice at our hospital, the second revealed low grade dysplasia. Consequently, she underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy. Intraoperatively, there were both vascular and biliary anatomical variations that were missed on preoperative images. On histopathological examination, it turned out to be a mixed variety of intraductal papillary neoplasm of bile duct (IPNB). As all findings were rare in one, hence, we present this case of IPNB that presented to us with variable clinical, radiological, surgical and pathological findings.A 27-year-old otherwise healthy man of African descent presented to the hospital with initial symptoms of carcinoid syndrome that later evolved into symptoms of hyperinsulinemic hypoglycaemia. Investigations revealed a metastatic neuroendocrine tumour (NET), co-secreting both serotonin and insulin. Management involved a multimodal approach in an attempt to reduce tumour burden and achieve euglycaemia, which proved to be a significant challenge in the face of refractory hypoglycaemia despite the administration of multiple prohyperglycaemic agents in combination. Unfortunately, given the burden of metastatic disease and multiple medical complications that ensued, the patient passed away. This case highlights the clinical history of a NET co-secreting serotonin and insulin, the use of combination therapy in the treatment of refractory hypoglycaemia in a metastatic insulin-producing tumour and emerging therapeutic modalities in the treatment of these rare malignancies.A 45-year-old man was referred to endocrine for the evaluation of hypercalcaemia. The calcium was elevated, vitamin D was low with a normal parathyroid hormone. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scan revealed osteoporosis at the lumbar spine and femoral neck. A 24-hour urine collection revealed low urinary calcium, which was believed to be secondary to vitamin D deficiency. A diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism was made. The patient underwent a four-gland parathyroid exploration surgery in which three of his parathyroid glands were removed. The pathology was consistent with benign parathyroid tissue. Post surgery, the patient had persistently elevated calcium levels. He was then started on bisphosphonate and cinacalcet for osteoporosis and hypercalcaemia, respectively. Genetic analysis of familial hypocalciuric hypercalcaemia (FHH) showed a p.arg15cys mutation in the AP2S1 gene, confirming the diagnosis of FHH type 3.The incidence of extraintestinal infection caused by Salmonella spp has been increased during the past decade. Here we report a case of a parotid abscess caused by Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serotype Typhi (S Typhi) in an individual without any significant abnormality of the parotid gland. A 68-year-old man presented to the surgical department with high-grade intermittent fever associated with painful swelling over the right side of the face, extending into the neck. An ultrasound of the neck revealed an abscess of the right parotid gland. S Typhi was isolated from the pus drained from the parotid gland. The patient was treated with intravenous followed by oral cephalosporin for a period of 7 days. This case gives an insight into one of the rarer aetiological agents causing parotid abscess.