Assembling the catalytic materials as both the anode and cathode to construct an electrolyzer, it is actualized very good activities for overall water splitting with only 1.5 V to deliver 10 mA cm-2 , outperforming the IrO2 (+) //Pt(-) coupled electrodes and many non-noble bifunctional electrocatalysts thus far. This work provides a promising avenue for designing WS2 -based heterogeneous electrocatalysts for water electrolysis.

To explore residential aged care staff perceptions of an online training program on the management of antipsychotic medications for responsive behaviour in residential aged care.

A qualitative process evaluation was undertaken in four residential aged care facilities of one organisation in Australia. Five focus group interviews were conducted with 25 participants including nurses, care workers, occupational therapists and assistants.

Direct care staff found that the training program increased their awareness and knowledge of responsive behaviours associated with dementia. Inductive thematic analysis identified three themes (1) impact of online learning for dementia care; (2) applying online learning in dementia practice; and (3) realising the benefits and challenges of online learning.

From the perspective of the participants, the online training program had a positive effect on their knowledge, communication and practice of caring for residents with dementia with responsive behaviours.

From the perspective of the participants, the online training program had a positive effect on their knowledge, communication and practice of caring for residents with dementia with responsive behaviours.Rational nanostructure design has proved fruitful in addressing the bottlenecks of diverse fields. Especially hollow multi-shelled structures (HoMS) have stood out due to their temporal-spatial ordering mass transfer and buffering effect. Localizing multiple cores in a HoMS is highly desired, which could endow it with more fascinating properties. However, such a structure has been barely reported due to the highly challenging fabrication. Here, we develop a controllable synthesis strategy to realize such a structure, which is applicable for diverse cores and shells. Additionally, cores and shells could be tuned to be homogeneous or heterogeneous, with the core and shell number well controlled. In situ TEM analysis verifies that the inner shell confines the expansion orientation of cores, while the outer shell maintains a stable interface. In addition to energy storage, such structure is also promising for multi-drug co-delivery and sequential responsive release as well as tandem catalysis applications.Up to 30% of patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) patients carry altered DNA damage response genes, enabling the use of poly adenosine diphosphate-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors in advanced CRPC. The proto-oncogene mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) is crucial in the migration, proliferation, and invasion of tumour cells. Aberrant expression of MET and its ligand hepatocyte growth factor is associated with drug resistance in cancer therapy. Here, we found that MET was highly expressed in human CRPC tissues and overexpressed in DU145 and PC3 cells in a drug concentration-dependent manner and is closely related to sensitivity to PARP inhibitors. Combining the PARP inhibitor olaparib with the MET inhibitor crizotinib synergistically inhibited CRPC cell growth both in vivo and in vitro. Further analysis of the underlying molecular mechanism underlying the MET suppression-induced drug sensitivity revealed that olaparib and crizotinib could together downregulate the ATM/ATR signaling pathway, inducing apoptosis by inhibiting the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) pathway, enhancing the olaparib-induced antitumour effect in DU145 and PC3 cells. In conclusion, we demonstrated that MET inhibition enhances sensitivity of CRPC to PARP inhibitors by suppressing the ATM/ATR and PI3K/AKT pathways and provides a novel, targeted therapy regimen for CRPC.Trophic specialisation is known to vary across space, but the environmental factors explaining such variation remain elusive. Here we used a global dataset of flower-visitor networks to evaluate how trophic specialisation varies between latitudinal zones (tropical and temperate) and across elevation gradients, while considering the environmental variation inherent in these spatial gradients. Specifically, we assessed the role of current (i.e., net primary productivity, temperature, and precipitation) and historical (i.e., temperature and precipitation stability) environmental factors in structuring the trophic specialisation of floral visitors. Spatial variations in trophic specialisation were not explained by latitudinal zones or elevation. Moreover, regardless of network location on the spatial gradient, there was a tendency for higher trophic specialisation in sites with high productivity and precipitation, whereas historical temperature stability was related to lower trophic specialisation. We highlight that both energetic constraints in animal foraging imposed by climate and resource availability may drive the global variation in trophic specialisation.Layered halide perovskites (LHPs) with crystallographically 2D structures have gained increasing interest for photovoltaic applications due to their superior chemical stability and intriguing anisotropic properties, as compared to their conventional 3D perovskite counterparts. The mostly studied LHPs are Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) phases, which suffer from a carrier-transport bottleneck due to the van der Waals gap associated with their intrinsic organic interlayer structures. To address this issue, Dion-Jacobson (DJ) and alternating-cation-interlayer (ACI) LHPs have rapidly emerged, which exhibit unique structural and (opto)electronic characteristics that may resemble the 3D counterparts owing to the eliminated or reduced van der Waals gap. Improved photophyiscal properties have been achieved in DJ and ACI LHPs, leading towards better photovoltaic performance. Here we provide a comprehensive discussion on the merits and promise of DJ and ACI LHPs from a chemistry perspective. Then, we review recent progress on synthesis and tailoring of DJ and ACI LHP crystals and thin films, as well as their optoelectronic properties and photovoltaic performance. Finally, we discuss future directions to realize the full potential of DJ and ACI LHPs for high-performance solar cells and beyond.

Differences have been noted in the clinical presentation and mutational spectrum of CADASIL among various geographical areas. ASN007 The aim of the present study was to investigate the mode of clinical presentation and genetic mutations reported in Greece.

After a systematic literature search, we performed a pooled analysis of all published CADASIL cases from Greece.

We identified 14 studies that reported data from 14 families comprising 54 patients. Migraine with aura was reported in 39%, ischemic cerebrovascular diseases in 68%, behavioral-psychiatric symptoms in 47% and cognitive decline in 60% of the patients. The mean (±SD) age of onset for migraine with aura, ischemic cerebrovascular diseases, behavioral-psychiatric symptoms and cognitive decline was 26.2±8.7, 49.3±14.6, 47.9±9.4 and 42.9±10.3, respectively; the mean age at disease onset and death was 34.6±12.1 and 60.2±11.2years. With respect to reported mutations, mutations in exon 4 were the most frequently reported (61.5% of all families), with the Rdiffers from Italian and Asian populations, where mutations in exon 11 are frequently encountered.

Fractional flow reserve (FFR) and instantaneous wave-free ratio (iFR) disagree in about 20% of intermediate coronary lesions. As the physiological pattern of coronary artery disease has a significant influence on FFR-iFR discordance, we sought to assess it may impact on the diagnostic accuracy of quantitative flow reserve (QFR).

One hundred and ninety-four patients with 224 intermediate coronary lesions were investigated with iFR, FFR, and QFR. The physiological pattern of disease was assessed with iFR Scout pullback and QFR virtual pullback in all the cases.

A predominantly physiologically focal pattern was observed in 81 (36.2%) lesions, whereas a predominantly physiologically diffuse was observed in 143 (63.8%) cases. QFR demonstrated a significant correlation (r=0.581, p < 0.001) and a substantial agreement with iFR, both in diffuse (AUC=0.798) and in focal (AUC=0.812) pattern of disease. Discordance between QFR and iFR was observed in 51 (22.8%) lesions, consisting of iFR+/QFR- (64.7%) and iFR-/g the iFR pullback as reference.

Few reported studies examine the relationship between zinc (Zn) deficiency and short- and long-term outcomes in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma undergoing hepatic resection.

We retrospectively reviewed data from 179 consecutive patients who had undergone curative hepatic resection for hepatocellular carcinoma in our institute between January 2016 and May 2019. Zn deficiency was defined in accordance with the Japanese Society of Clinical Nutrition guidelines. We allocated the participants into two groups according to Zn deficiency status, and analyzed the clinicopathological and short- and long-term outcomes.

In this series, 32 patients (17.8%) had Zn deficiency. Zn deficiency was significantly associated with older age, lower serum albumin, higher aspartate aminotransferase, lower hemoglobin, higher creatinine, lower prognostic nutritional index, higher liver fibrosis markers, albumin-bilirubin2, portal hypertension, larger amount of estimated blood loss, larger amount of maximum ascites, longer ording to multivariate analysis. Serum Zn status could serve as a new surrogate marker for predicting short- and long-term outcomes in patients undergoing hepatic resection for hepatocellular carcinoma.

The reported prevalence of insomnia symptoms in people with intellectual disabilities varies greatly, possibly due to the lack of a common definition. This article provides an overview of the different definitions used and formulates key points for a general definition.

A literature search was performed. An overview of the definitions used was given and compared to the third edition of the international classification of sleep disorders.

The search yielded 16 studies. No uniform definition was used. Terminology and cut-off points of insomnia symptoms differed. Insomnia symptoms were mostly described as night-time problems. A minority of studies incorporated daytime consequences.

An insomnia disorder entails more than merely night-time complaints and should include daytime consequences. A general definition is warranted. This definition should focus on night-time and daytime insomnia symptoms, incorporate subjective features, and discuss the use of objective measurements and influence of environmental circumstances.

An insomnia disorder entails more than merely night-time complaints and should include daytime consequences. A general definition is warranted. This definition should focus on night-time and daytime insomnia symptoms, incorporate subjective features, and discuss the use of objective measurements and influence of environmental circumstances.