Neural architecture search (NAS), which aims at automatically seeking proper neural architectures given a specific task, has attracted extensive attention recently in supervised learning applications. In most real-world situations, the class labels provided in the training data would be noisy due to many reasons, such as subjective judgments, inadequate information, and random human errors. Existing work has demonstrated the adverse effects of label noise on the learning of weights of neural networks. These effects could become more critical in NAS since the architectures are not only trained with noisy labels but are also compared based on their performances on noisy validation sets. In this paper, we systematically explore the robustness of NAS under label noise. We show that label noise in the training and/or validation data can lead to various degrees of performance variations. Through empirical experiments, using robust loss functions can mitigate the performance degradation under symmetric label noise as well as under a simple model of class conditional label noise. We also provide a theoretical justification for this. Both empirical and theoretical results provide a strong argument in favor of employing the robust loss function in NAS under high-level noise.Growth retardation (stunting, wasting and poor organ development) among children in low-income countries has major short and long-term health consequences yet very little is known about the nutritional and environmental influences on the key hormonal axes regulating child growth in these settings, nor the tempo and timing of faltering episodes. Here we describe the study protocol and provide a cohort description of the Hormonal and Epigenetic Regulators of Growth (HERO-G) study. This prospective cohort study from rural Gambia, West Africa, followed mothers and children longitudinally from pre-conception, through pregnancy, delivery, and to two years of child age A total of 251 eligible mother-infant pairs were recruited into the HERO-G study, with 206 (82%) followed up until two years of age. Women were seen at scheduled antenatal appointments at 20, 28 and 36 weeks of gestation, and at delivery, where possible. Between one week and 12 months of age, infants were visited every second day for collection of detailed anthropometry and morbidity data. Infants identified as about to enter a growth faltering episode at these visits entered a more detailed 20-day protocol, with the collection of dried blood spots, anthropometry and body composition. All infants were seen for scheduled clinic visits at 3, 6, 9, 12, 18 and 24 months of age for clinical examination and venous blood draw. Data from the HERO-G study is being used to explore three major mechanistic pathways influencing growth 1) genome-wide investigations for signatures of epigenetic effects on any loci that might affect growth; 2) frequent anthropometric measurement coupled with non-invasive monitoring for rapid identification and interrogation of real-time faltering patterns and aetiology; 3) focused measurement of hormones and cytokines that act together in an integrated manner, both in utero and after birth, to coordinate patterns of growth with immune activation, inflammation, and nutritional status.This paper aims to explore the potential of a novel radiometry technique that leverages bio-matched antennas (BMAs), broadband measurements, and forward modeling of layered tissues for non-invasive and accurate core temperature monitoring. Our approach relies on the observation that electromagnetic waves penetrate to different depths depending on their frequency and dielectric properties of the medium and adapts radiative transfer models that have been successfully implemented in the past for layered geophysical media. Preliminary modeling and experimental results confirm feasibility.Nanoscale biocomponents naturally released by cells, such as extracellular vesicles (EVs), have recently gained interest due to their therapeutic and diagnostic potential. Membrane based isolation and co-culture systems have been utilized in an effort to study EVs and their effects. Nevertheless, improved platforms for the study of small EVs are still needed. Suitable membranes, for isolation and co-culture systems, require pore sizes to reach into the nanoscale. Cetuximab These pore sizes cannot be achieved through traditional lithographic techniques and conventional thick nanoporous membranes commonly exhibit low permeability. Here we utilized nanospheres, similar in size and shape to the targeted small EVs, as patterning features for the fabrication of freestanding SiN membranes (120 nm thick) released in minutes through a sacrificial ZnO layer. We evaluated the feasibility of separating subpopulation of EVs based on size using these membranes. The membrane used here showed an effective size cut-off of 300 nm with the majority of the EVs ≤200 nm. This work provides a convenient platform with great potential for studying subpopulations of EVs.

Late-onset complications of left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) device procedure are anecdotal and there are no such complications reported in literature using Cardia Ultraseal (Cardia, Inc., Eagan, MN, USA).

We report the case of a 74-year-old Caucasian man affected by paroxysmal atrial fibrillation with significant bleeding risk (familiar thrombocytopenia, macroscopic haematuria episodes during therapy with direct oral anticoagulants, HAS-BLED risk score 4) and ischaemic risk as well (CHADSVASC score 3). The patient was treated with LAAO device implantation for high bleeding risk. Subsequently, after 26 days from LAAO procedure, he was admitted to the emergency department for haematic cardiac tamponade. The patient was successfully treated with subxyphoidal pericardiocentesis in the acute phase, unfortunately cardiac arrest occurred during the transfer to the referral hospital for urgent cardiac surgery. Permanent neurological damage was reported and the patient died on day 28.

LAAO late-onset complications are very rare and the case presented is the first case described of late-onset pericardial effusion and tamponade secondary to the Cardia Ultraseal LAAO device implantation. We present a revision of the literature regarding the occurrence of similar adverse events and discuss the hypothetical mechanism of this major complication.

LAAO late-onset complications are very rare and the case presented is the first case described of late-onset pericardial effusion and tamponade secondary to the Cardia Ultraseal LAAO device implantation. We present a revision of the literature regarding the occurrence of similar adverse events and discuss the hypothetical mechanism of this major complication.