There are concerns regarding the difference between directly recorded and measured entrance skin dose (ESD) and average glandular dose (AGD) in full-field digital mammography (FFDM). The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of different exposure parameters on ESD and AGD recorded directly and measured from an FFDM unit using a phantom.

The ESD and AGD of 27 FFDM (craniocaudal [CC] projection) images of tissue-equivalent phantoms were acquired using a general electric (GE Senographe Essential) FFDM unit. The phantoms were used to simulate three different breast thicknesses and compositions. Tube potential, tube load, and target/ filter combinations also were recorded directly from the FFDM unit.

The mean differences between the directly recorded and measured ESD and AGD were 0.23 and 0.080, respectively. The 95% confidence intervals for ESD and AGD were 0.1-0.36 and 0.04-0.10, respectively. Results of paired t-test showed statistically significant difference between the directly recorded and measured ESD (

= .001) and AGD (

< .001). A positive and significant correlation was noted between the directly recorded and measured ESD (r = 0.85,

< .001) and AGD (r = 0.91,

< .001).

This observation confirms that we can use the directly recorded doses obtained from an FFDM for quality control program.

This observation confirms that we can use the directly recorded doses obtained from an FFDM for quality control program.We present a case of a 69-year-old female who arrived in hemorrhagic shock with symptoms of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Imaging on admission was diagnostic of a large splenic artery pseudoaneurysm, which was presumed to have bled into the pancreatic duct given clinical symptoms of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. The pseudoaneurysm was successfully treated with coil embolization resulting in resolution of clinical symptoms.

Herniated lumbar disc is a common cause of lumbosacral pain. Endoscopic interlaminar lumbar discectomy (ILD) is a well-established technique that provided comparable results to micro-discectomy. The aim of the study is to describe the learning curve of endoscopic ILD and explore measures that could improve effectiveness and decrease blood loss and operative time with accumulation of reasonable experience.

This retrospective cohort study included 65 patients presenting with symptomatic herniated lumbar disc who underwent endoscopic ILD. Patients were divided into two groups Group I (standard technique) and Group II (modified technique). Collected data included patients’ age, gender, preoperative manifestations, visual analog score (VAS) for pain, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), disc level, operative time, intraoperative blood loss, complications, and follow-up data at 1, 6, and 12 months postoperatively. Primary outcomes included total operative time, amount of intraoperative blood loss, and post-operativlties in mastering the procedure. The proposed modified technique helped reaching the required level of proficiency in the early phase of the curve, providing a significant reduction in operative time and blood loss, with comparable effectiveness and safety as the standard technique.

Major advances in the endovascular treatment of cerebral aneurysms have reduced the incidence of intra- and postprocedural complications. The length of stay after treatment for incidental aneurysms remains between early next-day discharge and 2 days. We hypothesized that discharging patients the same day would not be associated with any increase in the rate of postdischarge adverse events.

We retrospectively reviewed the charts of patients who underwent an elective coiling procedure between 2015 and 2020 at three centers and were discharged from hospital on the same day as the procedure. Patients were clinically evaluated 6 h, 1 week, and 6 months after the procedure, with repeat cerebral angiography performed 1 year after the procedure.

Eleven eligible patients underwent outpatient treatment of 12 aneurysms treated through the wrist. No complications were identified within 1 week of the procedure. Clinical evaluation 6 months after treatment also failed to reveal any complication associated with the procedure. Only one of the seven patients who underwent 1 year angiography required retreatment.

It is possible to safely perform coiled embolization of cerebral aneurysms in select outpatients with unruptured cerebral aneurysms.

It is possible to safely perform coiled embolization of cerebral aneurysms in select outpatients with unruptured cerebral aneurysms.

In the present study, the first aim was to address the detrimental effects of the fluoroscopy procedure performed by physicians and other health-care professionals in neurosurgery clinics, then to examine precautions that should be taken to avoid harmful effects of radiation and radioactive substances during this process. The second aim was to handle the rights provided for health-care professionals exposed to the radiation in workplaces.

A standardized questionnaire was used for a multicenter survey. Volunteer, intellectual, and cooperative participants (

= 41) were randomly chosen. The survey was prepared considering reports drawn up by the International Atomic Energy Agency. The questions concerning safe and effective fluoroscopy procedure were asked to the participants. The answers received were statistically evaluated. The alpha significance value was accepted as 0.05.

Two neurosurgeons only knew the legal rights that they might possess due to the exposure to the radiation or radioactive substances.

The survey conducted among the health-care professionals revealed the insufficiency of knowledge about the protection from the radiation exposure or radioactive substances in workplaces. Furthermore, both health-care professionals working in radiology clinics, and those in neurosurgery and other clinics who are likely to be exposed to the radiation or radioactive substances have the rights afforded by the law.

The survey conducted among the health-care professionals revealed the insufficiency of knowledge about the protection from the radiation exposure or radioactive substances in workplaces. GM6001 molecular weight Furthermore, both health-care professionals working in radiology clinics, and those in neurosurgery and other clinics who are likely to be exposed to the radiation or radioactive substances have the rights afforded by the law.