Slavery and human trafficking are crimes involving the violation of human rights and refer to exploitative situations where an individual cannot refuse or leave due to threats, coercion or abuse of power. Activities involving slavery include forced labour exploitation, forced sexual exploitation, forced marriage and servitude. Epidemiological studies show high levels of mental health need and poor provision of appropriate support for survivors. What mental health recovery means to victims/survivors and how it could be promoted is under-researched.

A grounded theory study based on individual interviews will be undertaken. Survivors across the UK will be identified and recruited from non-governmental organisations and via social media. As per grounded theory methodology, data collection and analysis will be undertaken concurrently and recruitment will continue until theoretical saturation is reached. It is anticipated that approximately 30 participants will be recruited. Interviews will be audio recorded, transcribed verbatim and uploaded to NVivo V.11. The constant comparative method will be used to analyse the data, in order to produce a theoretical framework for mental health recovery that is grounded in the experiences of survivors.

Ethical approval has been obtained from the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Ethics Committee at the University of Nottingham. The findings of the study will be disseminated to academic, professional and survivor-based audiences to inform future policy developments and the provision of mental health recovery support to this population.

Ethical approval has been obtained from the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Ethics Committee at the University of Nottingham. The findings of the study will be disseminated to academic, professional and survivor-based audiences to inform future policy developments and the provision of mental health recovery support to this population.

To assess the cost-effectiveness of universal repeat screening for syphilis in late pregnancy, compared with the current strategy of single screening in early pregnancy with repeat screening offered only to high-risk women.

A decision tree model was developed to assess the incremental costs and health benefits of the two screening strategies. The base case analysis considered short-term costs during the pregnancy and the initial weeks after delivery. Deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses and scenario analyses were conducted to assess the robustness of the results.

UK antenatal screening programme.

Hypothetical cohort of pregnant women who access antenatal care and receive a syphilis screen in 1 year.

The primary outcome was the cost to avoid one case of congenital syphilis (CS). Selleckchem AM1241 Secondary outcomes were the cost to avoid one case of intrauterine fetal demise (IUFD) or neonatal death and the number of women needing to be screened/treated to avoid one case of CS, IUFD or neonatal death. effective in countries with a higher syphilis incidence in pregnancy, particularly if the cost per screen is low.

An electronic Patient-Reported Outcome (ePRO) platform is needed for implementing evidence-based symptom management in outpatients with advanced cancer. We describe the overall protocol and the methodology for measuring symptom burden, to provide critical parameters needed to implement symptom management on the ePRO platform.

The study focusses on patients with advanced lung cancer, stomach cancer, oesophagus cancer, liver cancer, colorectal cancer or breast cancer. The primary outcome is the change of symptom burden. MD Anderson Symptom Inventory, and other PRO instruments (Insomnia Severity Index, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire and EuroQol-5 dimensions-5 levels version) were used. The secondary outcomes include feasibility of using ePRO, symptom-related quality of life, reasons for no improvement of symptoms, defining frequency of PRO assessments and cut-points, items for screening and management of comorbidity and satisfaction with ePRO platform in patients and health providers. After initial outpatient visit for baseline assessment, ePRO system will automatically send follow-up notification seven times over 4 weeks to patients. The characteristics and changing trajectory of symptoms of patients will be described. Parameters for using PROs, such as optimal time points for follow-up and cut-off point for alert will be determined. The feasibility of ePRO platform to track the changes of target symptoms in outpatients will be evaluated.

The study protocol and related documents were approved by the Institutional Research Board (IRB) of Peking University Cancer Hospital on 13 February 2019 (2019YJZ07). The results of this study will be disseminated through academic workshops, peer-reviewed publications and conferences.

ChiCTR1900023560.

ChiCTR1900023560.

Physical inactivity and sedentary behaviour are associated with numerous health problems and increasing risks of premature morbidity and mortality. Workplace health promotion with a focus on increasing physical activity (PA) and reducing sedentary behaviour is of growing interest. The concept of choice architecture with the use of nudges is a promising approach to influence decision making regarding health behaviours. It can help to understand why people often fail to act in their best interest, to follow well-informed preferences or to achieve their set goals. Nudges, the way the choice is presented, can help to overcome these challenges by using the same habits, biases or boundaries to alter our decision-making in favour of the more preferred behaviour. Aims of the scoping review will be to analyse (a) to what extent the concept of choice architecture is used in workplace health promotion to promote PA and/or to reduce sedentary behaviour and (b) which instruments (nudges) are used to archive that.

Medline, PsychInfo, Web of Science and CINHAL will be searched from 2009 until June 2020. Applying a two-level screening process, title and abstracts will be screened according to a set of predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Included articles will be screened a second time to determine the extent to which choice architecture has been used. Analyses for publication year, location, setting and target group will be provided. Interventions will be analysed presenting the instruments used, number of studies per instrument, combinations of instruments and alteration of the environment. Outcome measures and results will be reported as they occur.

Due to the nature of the scoping review, ethical concerns are minimal. No patient data will be included. Results are published in peer-review journals.

Due to the nature of the scoping review, ethical concerns are minimal. No patient data will be included. Results are published in peer-review journals.