ainst salinity stress in wheat.Bacillus velezensis is a plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) that has long been proven to improve the growth of plants, and it has been widely used in agriculture. However, in many reports, we observed that during the application of bacterial fluids, it appeared that the effect of the cell-free fermentation broth (CFB) was ignored. The purpose of this study is to compare the effect of the no inoculation treatment (CK), the B. velezensis strain S3-1 treatment (S), the CFB treatment in the Pak choi, soil bacterial community structure, soil enzyme activity, and field soil properties. The results have shown that, compared to the inoculation B. velezensis strain S3-1 treatment and the no-inoculation treatment; the inoculation of the CFB treatment can significantly enhance the soluble protein, soluble solids, ascorbic acid of Pak choi and increase the total phosphorus content and electrical conductivity (EC) in the soil. Based on high-throughput sequencing data, our analysis of soil microbial communities used R, NETWORK, and PICRUSt showed that the CFB treatment can enhance the relative abundance of Acidobacteria in the soil, decrease the abundance of native Bacillus in the soil, change the microbial community structure of the top 50 operational taxonomic units (OTUs), and improve soil microbial carbon metabolism and nitrogen metabolism. Overall, we observed that CFB treatment can also improve plant nutrition and change soil microbial communities. This study provides new insights for the application of microbial fertilizers in agricultural production.[This corrects the article DOI 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02958.].Cold seeps are characterized by high biomass, which is supported by the microbial oxidation of the available methane by capable microorganisms. The carbon is subsequently transferred to higher trophic levels. South of Svalbard, five geological mounds shaped by the formation of methane gas hydrates, have been recently located. Ceftaroline mouse Methane gas seeping activity has been observed on four of them, and flares were primarily concentrated at their summits. At three of these mounds, and along a distance gradient from their summit to their outskirt, we investigated the eukaryotic and prokaryotic biodiversity linked to 16S and 18S rDNA. Here we show that local methane seepage and other environmental conditions did affect the microbial community structure and composition. We could not demonstrate a community gradient from the summit to the edge of the mounds. Instead, a similar community structure in any methane-rich sediments could be retrieved at any location on these mounds. The oxidation of methane was largely driven by anaerobic methanotrophic Archaea-1 (ANME-1) and the communities also hosted high relative abundances of sulfate reducing bacterial groups although none demonstrated a clear co-occurrence with the predominance of ANME-1. Additional common taxa were observed and their abundances were likely benefiting from the end products of methane oxidation. Among these were sulfide-oxidizing Campilobacterota, organic matter degraders, such as Bathyarchaeota, Woesearchaeota, or thermoplasmatales marine benthic group D, and heterotrophic ciliates and Cercozoa.Staphylococcus aureus is an opportunistic bacterium of the human body and a leading cause of nosocomial infections. Methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA) infections involving biofilm lead to higher mortality and morbidity in patients. Biofilm causes serious clinical issues, as it mitigates entry of antimicrobials to reach the etiological agents. It plays an important role in resilient chronic infections which place an unnecessary burden on antibiotics and the associated costs. To combat drug-resistant infection involving biofilm, there is a need to discover potential anti-biofilm agents. In this study, activity of polyphenolic flavonoid glabridin against biofilm formation of methicillin resistant clinical isolates of S. aureus is being reported for the first time. Crystal violet assay and scanning electron microscopy evidences shows that glabridin prevents formation of cells clusters and attachment of methicillin resistant clinical isolate (MRSA 4423) of S. aureus to the surface in a dose dependent manner. Gel free proteomic analysis of biofilm matrix by LC-ESI-QTOF confirmed the existence of several proteins known to be involved in cells adhesion. Furthermore, expression analysis of cell surface proteins revealed that glabridin significantly down regulates an abundance of several surface-associated adhesins including fibronectin binding proteins (FnbA, FnbB), serine-aspartate repeat-containing protein D (SdrD), immunoglobulin-binding protein G (Sbi), and other virulence factors which were induced by extracellular glucose in MRSA 4423. In addition, several moonlighting proteins (proteins with multiple functions) such as translation elongation factors (EF-Tu, EF-G), chaperone protein (DnaK), glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and pyruvate kinase (PK) were detected on the cell surface wherein their abundance was inversely proportional to surface-associated adhesins. This study clearly suggests that glabridin prevents biofilm formation in S. aureus through modulation of the cell surface proteins.Despite numerous studies on marine prokaryotes, the vertical distribution patterns of bacterial community, either on the taxonomic composition or the functional structure, remains relatively unexplored. Using HiSeq-derived 16S rRNA data, the depth-related distribution patterns of taxonomic diversity and functional structure predicted from diversity data in the water column and sediments of the Western Pacific Ocean were explored. The OTU richness declined along the water column after peaking between 100 to 200 m deep. Relative abundance of Cyanobacteria and SAR11 decreased significantly with depth, while Actinobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria increased. This clearly mirrors the vertical distribution pattern of the predicted functional composition with the shift between phototrophic to chemoheterotrophic groups from the surface to the deeper layers. In terms of community composition and functional structure, the epipelagic zone differed from other deeper ones (i.e., meso-, bathy-, and abyssopelagic zones) where no obvious differences were detected.