05), and in the EMD-38-group compared to the S-38-group (p<.05). The levels of C-III and OPN immunoreactivity were significantly higher in the ABS-10-group compared to the S-10-group (p<.017).

The results of this study suggested that ABS can promote early periodontal regeneration, although its efficacy seems to decrease over time.

The results of this study suggested that ABS can promote early periodontal regeneration, although its efficacy seems to decrease over time.

Trough-adjusted tacrolimus is commonly prescribed following intestinal transplantation to prevent allograft rejection. Despite established practice, there remains limited direct evidence linking tacrolimus levels with improved clinical outcomes.

This was a single-center review of all adult non-liver containing intestinal allograft recipients from 2011 to 2018. Patients received lymphocyte depleting induction and maintenance immunosuppression consisting of tacrolimus and a corticosteroid taper. Tacrolimus time-in-therapeutic range (TAC-TTR) was calculated for all patients from the date of transplant until 1-year post-transplant using Rosendaal’s method. Cox-Proportional hazards modeling was utilized to assess freedom from acute rejection and graft failure stratified by TAC-TTR quartile.

47 patients were included in the review. Mean TAC-TTR for the cohort was 30.2% ± 11.4. Fifteen episodes of acute rejection were observed, 8 of which were severe. Patients in the highest TAC-TTR quartile >36% had a lower incidence of acute rejection and graft failure relative to patients with a TAC-TTR <20%. Cox-Proportional hazards modeling found a 10% decrease in TAC-TTR was associated with an increased hazard for acute rejection (2.03), severe acute rejection (2.19), and graft loss (3.33).

The results of this study suggest that decreasing TAC-TTR is a risk factor for both acute rejection as well as intestinal allograft failure.

The results of this study suggest that decreasing TAC-TTR is a risk factor for both acute rejection as well as intestinal allograft failure.

Musicians are known to be at risk for developing hearing sensitivity and hearing-related problems given their occupational exposure to high-level sound. Among options for hearing conservation, earplugs are an effective and inexpensive choice. Adoption rates for musicians’ earplugs remains consistently low, however, given concerns about the impact of hearing protection on their own performance as well as concerns that the resultant music will be a negative experience for listeners. In fact, few studies have (1) examined musicians’ attitudes about using hearing protection while performing themselves and (2) determined whether music played by musicians wearing hearing protection sounds different to listeners.

The purposes of this study were (1) to evaluate how wearing musicians’ earplugs affected musicians’ perception of their performance while they were playing, and (2) to examine whether listeners can distinguish a difference between music recorded by musicians playing with and without earplugs.

Experimeayed with and without hearing protection suggests that the listening experience may not be adversely impacted by hearing protection worn by the performers.

Earplugs are an inexpensive, noninvasive strategy for hearing conservation for musicians, and this study indicates that barriers to wearing hearing protection might be less problematic than previously reported.

Earplugs are an inexpensive, noninvasive strategy for hearing conservation for musicians, and this study indicates that barriers to wearing hearing protection might be less problematic than previously reported.

In the early months of the response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine (JHUSOM) (Baltimore, Maryland) leadership reached out to faculty to develop and implement virtual clinical clerkships after all in-person medical student clinical experiences were suspended.

To develop and implement a digital slide-based virtual surgical pathology (VSP) clinical elective to meet the demand for meaningful and robust virtual clinical electives in response to the temporary suspension of in-person clinical rotations at JHUSOM.

The VSP elective was modeled after the in-person surgical pathology elective to include virtual previewing and sign-out with standardized cases supplemented by synchronous and asynchronous pathology educational content.

Validation of existing Web communications technology and slide-scanning systems was performed by feasibility testing. Vismodegib Curriculum development included drafting of course objectives and syllabus, Blackboard course sitcal specialty and demonstration of how digital slides have the potential to improve standardization of the pathology clerkship curriculum.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has impacted the activities of healthcare workers, including postgraduate pharmacy trainees. Quality training experiences must be maintained to produce competent pharmacy practitioners and maintain program standards.

A cross-sectional survey of postgraduate pharmacy trainees in the United States was conducted to evaluate training experience changes and assess perceived impacts on residents and fellows following the COVID-19 pandemic’s onset.

From June 4 through June 22, 2020, 511 pharmacy trainees in 46 states completed the survey. Participants’ median age was 26 (interquartile range [IQR], 25-28) years, with included responses from postgraduate year 1 residents (54% of sample), postgraduate year 2 residents (40%), and postgraduate fellows (6%). Compared to experiences prior to the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, fewer trainees conducted direct patient care (38.5% vs 91.4%, P < 0.001), more worked from home (31.7% vs 1.6%, P < 0.001), and less time ing and may aid in the development of best practices for optimizing trainee experiences in future crises.

Pain management is important for ensuring early mobilization after hip arthroplasty; however, the optimal components remain controversial. Recently, the quadratus lumborum block has been proposed as an analgesic option. The current study tested the hypothesis that the posterior quadratus lumborum block combined with multimodal analgesia decreases morphine consumption after hip arthroplasty.

This study was a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Before general anesthesia, 100 participating patients scheduled for elective total hip arthroplasty were randomly allocated to receive a 30-ml injection posterior to the quadratus lumborum muscle with either 0.33% ropivacaine (n = 50) or normal saline (n = 50). For all patients, multimodal analgesia included systematic administration of acetaminophen, ketoprofen, and a morphine intravenous patient-controlled analgesia. The primary outcome was total intravenous morphine consumption in the first 24 h. Secondary outcomes recorded intraoperative sufentanil consumption; morphine consumption in the postanesthesia care unit; pain scores at extubation and at 2, 6, 12, and 24 h; motor blockade; time to first standing and ambulation; hospital length of stay; and adverse events.