As proof-of-concept, we evaluated these adsorbents for purification of laboratory water samples prepared to independently recapitulate each of two strongly polluted rivers the Bone (Indonesia) and Buringanga (Bangladesh) rivers. In both cases, our microbeads reduced the levels of all the metal contaminants to below the corresponding permissible limits established by the World Health Organization (WHO). Wortmannin Moreover, we demonstrated the capacity of these microbeads to lower levels of Cr(VI) in a water sample collected from the Sarno River (Italy). Finally, to create adsorbents that could be magnetically recovered following their use in water purification, we extended our spray-drying technique to simultaneously incorporate two types of iNPs (CeO2 and Fe3O4) into UiO-66-(SH)2, obtaining CeO2/Fe3O4@UiO-66-(SH)2 microbeads that adsorb heavy metals and are magnetically responsive.Membrane models have allowed for precise study of the plasma membrane’s biophysical properties, helping to unravel both structural and dynamic motifs within cell biology. Freestanding and supported bilayer systems are popular models to reconstitute membrane-related processes. Although it is well-known that each have their advantages and limitations, comprehensive comparison of their biophysical properties is still lacking. Here, we compare the diffusion and lipid packing in giant unilamellar vesicles, planar and spherical supported membranes, and cell-derived giant plasma membrane vesicles. We apply florescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS), spectral imaging, and super-resolution stimulated emission depletion FCS to study the diffusivity, lipid packing, and nanoscale architecture of these membrane systems, respectively. Our data show that lipid packing and diffusivity is tightly correlated in freestanding bilayers. However, nanoscale interactions in the supported bilayers cause deviation from this correlation. These data are essential to develop accurate theoretical models of the plasma membrane and will serve as a guideline for suitable model selection in future studies to reconstitute biological processes.Organometallic halide perovskites attract strong interests for their high photoresponsivity and solar cell efficiency. However, there was no systematic study of their power- and frequency-dependent photoresponsivity. We identified two different power-dependent photoresponse types in methylammonium lead iodide perovskite (MAPbI3) photodetectors. In the first type, the photoresponse remains constant from 5 Hz to 800 MHz. In the second type, absorption of a single photon can generate a persistent photoconductivity of 30 pA under an applied electric field of 2.5 × 104 V/cm. Additional absorbed photons, up to 8, linearly increase the persistent photoconductivity, which saturates with the absorption of more than 10 photons. This is different than single-photon avalanche detectors (SPADs) because the single-photon response is persistent as long as the device is under bias, providing unique opportunities for novel electronic and photonic devices such as analogue memories for neuromorphic computing. We propose an avalanche-like process for iodine ions and estimate that absorption of a single 0.38 aJ photon triggers the motion of 108-9 ions, resulting in accumulations of ions and charged vacancies at the MAPbI3/electrode interfaces to cause the band bending and change of electric material properties. We have made the first observation that single-digit photon absorption can alter the macroscopic electric and optoelectronic properties of a perovskite thin film.To achieve super-resolution scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM), we must overcome the theoretical limitation associated with noncontact electrochemical imaging of surface-generated species. This is the requirement for mass transfer to the electrode, which gives rise to the diffusional broadening of surface features. In this work, a procedure is developed for overcoming this limitation and thus generating “super-resolved” images using point spread function (PSF)-based deconvolution, where the point conductor plays the same role as the point emitter in optical imaging. In contrast to previous efforts in SECM towards this goal, our method uses a finite element model to generate a pair of corresponding blurred and sharp images for PSF estimation, avoiding the need to perform parameter optimization for effective deconvolution. It can therefore be used for retroactive data treatment and an enhanced understanding of the structure-property relationships that SECM provides.Herein, we propose an organic double heterojunction to enable a nonvolatile step modulation of the conductance of an artificial synapse; the double heterojunction is composed of N,N’-dioctyl-3,4,9,10-perylene tetracarboxylic diimide (PTCDI-C8), copper phthalocyanine (CuPc), and para-sexiphenyl (p-6P). The carrier confinement in the CuPc region present in the double-heterojunction structure enabled the nonvolatile modulation of the postsynaptic current. The proposed organic synapse exhibited an excellent conductance change, characteristic with a nonlinearity (NL) value below 0.01 in the long-term potentiation (LTP) region. Furthermore, the NL value for long-term depression (LTD) could be reduced effectively from 45 to 3.5 by a pulse modulation technique. A simple artificial neural network (ANN) was theoretically designed using the LTP/LTD characteristic curves of such organic synapses, and then, learning and recognition tasks were performed using Modified National Institute of Standards and Technology digit images. A four-amplitude weight update method enabled considerable enhancement of the recognition rate from 53 to 70%. Although the designed ANN was based on a single-layer perceptron model, a high maximum accuracy of 75% was achieved. These newly studied techniques for synaptic devices are expected to open up new possibilities for the realization of artificial synapses based on organic double heterojunctions.INTRODUCTION Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) remains the gold standard for treatment of BPH. Yet, the introduction of lasers for the treatment of LUTS due to BPO has dramatically changed the surgical landscape of BPO treatment. Recently, ‘en bloc’ techniques have shown to prove advantageous in terms of better visualization, more prompt identification of the surgical capsule and the correct plane to dissect. Herein we provide a comprehensive overview of available series of “en bloc” enucleation of the prostate, focusing on surgical techniques, perioperative and functional outcomes. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION A systematic review of the literature was performed according to PRISMA recommendations and was conducted on surgical techniques and perioperative outcomes of minimally invasive en bloc surgery for prostate adenoma detachment. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS Overall, 16 studies with 2750 patients between 2003 and 2019 were included. Specific technical nuances have been described to maximize perioperative outcomes of en bloc prostatic enucleation, including early apical release, horse-shape incisions, inverted U-shape tractions and low power.